C program to perform input output of all basic data types

Write a C program to demonstrate input and output of all basic and derived types. How to use scanf() and printf() function perform input and output on primitive types in C programming.

Enter a character: C
Enter a signed short value: -32768

You entered character: 'C'
You entered signed short: -32768

Required knowledge

Data types in C, Input/Output in C, Format specifiers

Program to demonstrate input/output of all basic data types

/**
 * C program to demonstrate input output of primitive data types
 */
 
#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    /*
     * Declare all primitive and derived types
     */
    char charVal;
    unsigned char uCharVal;
    
    short shortVal;
    unsigned short uShortVal;
    
    int intVal;
    unsigned int uIntVal;
    
    long longVal;
    unsigned long uLongVal;
    
    long long longLongVal;
    unsigned long long uLongLongVal;
    
    float floatVal;
    double doubleVal;
    long double longDoubleVal;
    
    /*
     * Read input in each type
     */
    printf("Enter a character: ");
    charVal = getchar();
    getchar(); // <-- Dummy getchar() to capture enter
    
    printf("Enter another character: ");
    uCharVal = getchar();
    getchar(); // <-- Dummy getchar() to capture enter
    
    printf("Enter a signed short value: ");
    scanf("%hi", &shortVal);
    
    printf("Enter an unsigned short value: ");
    scanf("%hu", &uShortVal);
    
    printf("Enter an signed integer value: ");
    scanf("%d", &intVal);
    
    printf("Enter an unsigned integer value: ");
    scanf("%lu", &uIntVal);
    
    printf("Enter a signed long value: ");
    scanf("%ld", &longVal);
    
    printf("Enter an unsigned long value: ");
    scanf("%lu", &uLongVal);
    
    printf("Enter a signed long long value: ");
    scanf("%lld", &longLongVal);
    
    printf("Enter an unsigned long long value: ");
    scanf("%llu", &uLongLongVal);
    
    printf("Enter a float value: ");
    scanf("%f", &floatVal);
    
    printf("Enter a double value: ");
    scanf("%lf", &doubleVal);
    
    printf("Enter a long double value: ");
    scanf("%Lf", &longDoubleVal);
    
    
    /*
     * Print the value of all variable
     */
    printf("\nYou entered character: '%c' \n", charVal);
    printf("You entered unsigned character: '%c' \n\n", uCharVal);
    
    printf("You entered signed short: %hi \n", shortVal);
    printf("You entered unsigned short: %hu \n\n", uShortVal);
    
    printf("You entered signed int: %d \n", intVal);
    printf("You entered unsigned int: %lu \n\n", uIntVal);
    
    printf("You entered signed long: %ld \n", longVal);
    printf("You entered unsigned long: %lu \n\n", uLongVal);
    
    printf("You entered signed long long: %lld \n", longLongVal);
    printf("You entered unsigned long long: %llu \n\n", uLongLongVal);
    
    printf("You entered float: %f \n", floatVal);
    printf("You entered double: %lf \n", doubleVal);
    printf("You entered long double: %Lf \n", longDoubleVal);

    return 0;
}

Points to note:

• \n is an escape sequence character used to print new line (move to next line).
• The getchar() function reads single character and stores to some character variable. During a character input suppose we input C and then enter which is also considered as a character. Internally, getchar() reads and stores C character to charVal and tries to store the enter character to uCharVal. This is because I have used an extra getchar() to eliminate the enter character.

Enter a character: C
Enter another character: P
Enter a signed short value: -32768
Enter an unsigned short value: 65535
Enter an signed integer value: -2147483648
Enter an unsigned integer value: 4294967295
Enter a signed long value: -2147483648
Enter an unsigned long value: 4294967295
Enter a signed long long value: -9223372036854775808
Enter an unsigned long long value: 18446744073709551615
Enter a float value: 1.28766
Enter a double value: 10.915074
Enter a long double value: 100.12345

You entered character: 'C'
You entered unsigned character: 'P'

You entered signed short: -32768
You entered unsigned short: 65535

You entered signed int: -2147483648
You entered unsigned int: 4294967295

You entered signed long: -2147483648
You entered unsigned long: 4294967295

You entered signed long long: -9223372036854775808
You entered unsigned long long: 18446744073709551615

You entered float: 1.287660
You entered double: 10.915074
You entered long double: 100.123450

Happy coding 😉